Based on all of your posts - it appears that 1 of 2 things might be causing your problems:
1) The SATA hard drive you recently purchased is faulty
OR
2) There some SERIOUS issue with the hardware/firmware on your motherboard which is preventing it from sucessfully accessing the SATA
Hard Drive that you recently purchased.
You basically need to isolate WHAT is not working - i.e. is it your motherboard OR your SATA drive. The only way to do this is through a process of elimination.
If you have access to another PC / motherboard with SATA capabilities - I would try connecting your SATA hard drive to THIS board and installing an OS or adding this drive as an additional drive within the OS that's already installed on this system. If your SATA drive is able to be formatted as a data drive or you can install an OS on it - then the issue is likely with your other motherboard.
Likewise, if you have access to another known working drive which you can plug into your MB, attach this drive to our MB then attempt to install XP or Linux on this drive. If you're able to do so - then the problem is likely NOT with your motherboard.
If you're able to confirm that your new SATA drive is NOT the problem - I would look at the BIOS/jumper settings on the Motherboard in question. Perhaps you have BIOS, Voltage, bus timing, jumpers or some other settings incorrectly configured on your motherboard.
Don't just assume that the problem is a defective SATA drive. This may be the case - but it could easily by something wrong with your motherboard as well (incorrect setting or fault hardware on motherboard). You'll need to isolate the problem and tackle it based on your findings.
The fact that you're unable to install either Windows or Linux tells me that this is NOT a software issue.
You may want to see if your motherboard MFG has some diagnostics available for download on their website. Perhaps the BIOS you recently flashed your motherboard with is the culprit. You may want to attempt to downgrade your MB's BIOS to a previous version and see if you have different results when attempting to install Linux and/or Windows.
If your BIOS allows it - I would set the BIOS to its DEFAULT settings - disable SHADOWING - configure the most conservative settings before you attempt to install Linux or Windows.
I realize that this is a LOT to consider - but I feel the only way you're going to solve this issue is through a process of elimination.
Hope this helps.
- John