Well, the short answer is that many Windows applications depend on IE's connection settings for their own internet connectivity. If a proxy is set, for instance, within IE's Internet Options, many other applications, such as antivirus programs, will not be able to connect to the internet, as they are programmed to automatically mirror the connection settings of IE. When you reset IE's connection settings, it simply did so as well in turn for every application that depended on those particular settings.
Firefox does not depend on IE in any way, so it was not affected.
~os