If I may jump in for a moment and add my 6 pennyworth....
Its sounds like at least your Ethernet was working Ok on your Windows 10 machine until a Windows update a little while ago..... its interesting however that you have only one System Restore Point,and this indicates there may be a deeper problem with your machine.
Here's some thoughts for your consideration:
1 Perform a Windows 10 Refresh (from within Windows) and see if this fixes it... a Refresh should not affect your data files see link below for information on applications Programmes etc., but as always, make sure your back ups are checked and double checked and you are sure they include everything you need and are reproducible and that you have at least one extra copy kept safe offsite on removable media.
https://support.micr...ecovery-options
2 If you have a good up to date, disc image made before the trouble started and when everything was working well then you could re-image and this will have you up and running again in less time than it takes to walk the dog! ( if you don't have a good disc image then resolve to make one as soon as possible.... Macrium Reflect ( free version) will do the job and not cost anything apart from a little time. Make a bootable memory stick (Macrium has a wizard for this) so you can access your image in the event that at some time in the future Windows doesn't load
3 You could try using a Win10 compatible USB wireless adapter (just plugs into a USB port) try and borrow one as although they are not expensive ( a few pounds or dollars) you might not actually need it! Here's an example of a mid price version (although different makes/models are available at a quarter of the price upwards.
http://www.currys.co...0160828090357:s
4 Download and run in RAM only, (don't install) the latest version of Ubuntu, boot into Ubuntu and it will probably load the load the correct drivers for you.... give it a good try out and when you reboot Ubuntu will be gone and you will be back to Windows.(If Ubuntu allows both Ethernet and Wireless Internet access then you have proved that your hardware is OK)
http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04/
Hope these thoughts help
regards
paws