Hello folks,
Having read through the complete topic I feel that the best course of action is for a fresh installation on the new HDD, as identified by Gary already you have no idea of what you will be transferring across from the old to the new HDD (have just read your update and see that is what has been done).
The HDDs are the SATA type and so there is no Master and Slave configuration, the boot sequence and what SATA ports the HDDs are connected to determines which is the primary and which is the secondary drive, SATA port 3 is often not capable of being used for booting from so hook the flaky drive up to that and see if you are able to drag your data to the new HDD which should be connected to SATA port 0, hope this helps and sorry for the late arrival.
Let us know if you have any trouble accessing the data on the dodgy drive.